Table 1 Physicochemical properties of collagens derived from marine sources

Fish

 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Skin and type I

PSC, 7000 U/mg, 5 days

0–3%

5.9

[18]

 Bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus)

Skin and type I

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 3 days

6.1

[19]

 Bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus)

Skin and type I

PSC, 250 U/mg, 48 h

6.4

[19]

 Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Skin and type I

UPSC, 1% pepsin, 3 h, ultrasound at 400 W

1–2%

6–9

[20]

 Lizardfish (Synodus macrops)

Scale and type I

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 24 h

1–8%

8.0

[21]

 Lizardfish (Synodus macrops)

Scale and type I

PSC, 1% pepsin, 24 h

1–9%

7.0

[21]

 Gulf corvina (Cynoscion othonopterus)

Skin and type I

PSC, 2% pepsin, 24 h

5.5

[6]

 Snakehead fish (Channa striata)

Skin and type I

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 72 h

 ≤ 1.2 M

7.0

[22]

 Gulf corvina (Cynoscion othonopterus)

Bladder and type I

PSC, 2% pepsin, 24 h

6.2

[6]

 Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii)

Cartilage and type II

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 4 days

1–3%

6.3

[23]

 Bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)

Bone and type I

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 4 days

 ≤ 30 g/L

[24]

 Bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)

Scale and type I

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 4 days

 ≤ 30 g/L

[24]

Jellyfish

 Jellyfish (Catostylus tagi)

Umbrella and type V

PSC, 10% pepsin, 72 h

8.4

[25]

 Jellyfish (Chrysaora Sp.)

Umbrella and type II

PSC, 10% pepsin, 72 h

6.64

[26]

 Jellyfish (Cyanea nozakii Kishinouye)

Umbrella and type I

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 72 h

[27]

 Jellyfish (Cyanea nozakii Kishinouye)

Umbrella and type I

PSC, 0.1% pepsin, 72 h

[27]

 Jellyfish (Rhopilema esculentum)

Umbrella and type I

PSC, 1% pepsin, 24 h

[28]

 Moon jellyfish (Aurelia sp.)

Tissues and type I

PSC, 1% pepsin, 24 h

7.5

[29]

 Jellyfish (Catostylus mosaicus)

Oral arm and type I

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 72 h

[30]

 Jellyfish (Catostylus mosaicus)

Umbrella and type I

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 72 h

[30]

Sea Cucumber

 Red Sea Cucumber (Parastichopus californicus)

Skin and type I

PSC, 10% pepsin, 72 h

6.5

[31]

 Sea Cucumber (Acaudina leucoprocta)

Body wall and type I

PSC, 1% pepsin, 72 h

1–2%

4.43

[32]

 Sea cucumber (Stichopus vastus)

Integument and type I

PSC, 5 g/L pepsin, 48 h

 ≤ 300 mM

6.5

[33]

 Sea Cucumber (Stichopus monotuberculatus)

Body wall and type I

PSC, 1% pepsin, 48 h

1–3%

4.2

[34]

 Sea Cucumber (Holothuria parva)

Body wall and type I

PSC, 1% pepsin, 48 h

[35]

 Sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicas)

Body wall and type I

PSC, 7% pepsin, 72 h

1–4%

4.14

[36]

 Sea cucumber (Stichopus hermanni)

Body wall and type I

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 72 h

6.72

[37]

 Sea cucumber (Holothuria cinerascens)

Body wall and type I

PSC, 1% pepsin, 72 h

1–4%

5.5

[38]

 Sea Cucumber (Holothuria scabra)

Body wall and type I

PSC, 5 g/L pepsin, 48 h

6.23

[39]

Crustacean

 Mantis shrimp (Oratosquilla nepa)

Body muscle and type I

PSC, 0.1% pepsin, 48 h

[40]

 Mantis shrimp (Miyakella nepa)

Body muscle and type I

PSC, 5% pepsin, 72 h

1–2%

[41]

 Mantis shrimp (Harpiosquilla harpax)

Body muscle and type I

PSC, 5% pepsin, 72 h

1–2%

[41]

 Mantis shrimp (Erugosquilla woodmasoni)

Body muscle and type I

PSC, 5% pepsin, 72 h

1–2%

[41]

 Mantis shrimp (Odontodactylus cultrifer)

Body muscle and type I

PSC, 5% pepsin, 72 h

1–2%

[41]

Mollusk

 Chilean Mussel (Mytilus Chilensis)

Mussel and type I

PSC, 10% pepsin, 24 h

[10]

 Chilean Mussel (Mytilus Chilensis)

Mussel and type I

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 24 h

[10]

 Clam Shell (Coelomactra antiquata)

Mussel and type I

PSC, 5% pepsin, 48 h

[42]

 Squid (Illex argentine)

Skin and type I

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 72 h

[43]

 Squid (Kondakovia longimana)

Skin and type I

ASC, 0.5 M acetic acid, 72 h

[43]

 Squid (Kondakovia longimana)

Mussel and type I

PSC, 3.3 mg/g pepsin, 72 h

[43]

Sponges

 Sponge (Chondrilla caribensis)

Body and type I

PSC, 0.1% trypsin, 24 h

[44]

 Sponge (Aplysina fulva)

Body and type I

PSC, 0.1% trypsin, 24 h

[15]

 Sponge (Thymosea sp.)

Body and type I

SCF, 50 bar, 16 h

8.0

[45]

 Sponge (Chondrila nuculla)

Body and type I

SCF, 50 bar, 16 h

8.0

[45]

 Sponge (Chondrosia reniformis)

Body and type I

SCF, 50 bar, 16 h

8.0

[45]

 Demosponge (Axinella cannabina)

Body and type IV

8 M urea, 0.1 M 2-mercaptoethanol, 0.1% trypsin, 24 h

6.7

[46]

 Demosponge (Suberites carnosus)

Body and type IV

8 M urea, 0.1 M 2-mercaptoethanol, 0.1% trypsin, 24 h

6.3

[46]